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Compare Djibouti (2001) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005)

Compare Djibouti (2001) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005)

 Djibouti (2001)South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2005)
 DjiboutiSouth Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Administrative divisions 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura -
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859)

15-64 years:
54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841)

65 years and over:
2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels -
Airports 12 (2000 est.) none (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
22,000 sq km

land:
21,980 sq km

water:
20 sq km		 total: 3,903 sq km


land: 3,903 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908, except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations, and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.
Birth rate 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$133 million

expenditures:
$187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)		 -
Capital Djibouti -
Climate desert; torrid, dry variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline 314 km NA km
Constitution multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992 -
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti

conventional short form:
Djibouti

former:
French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland		 conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands


conventional short form: none
Currency Djiboutian franc (DJF) -
Death rate 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $356 million (1999 est.) -
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO

embassy:
Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti

mailing address:
B. P. 185, Djibouti

telephone:
[253] 35 39 95

FAX:
[253] 35 39 40		 none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine

chancery:
Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-0270

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-0302		 none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international none Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied the islands by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient $106.3 million (1995) -
Economy - overview The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options. Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption 167.4 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 180 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m

highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m		 lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% -
Exchange rates Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973) -
Executive branch chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999);

head of government:
Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers responsible to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%		 -
Exports $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) -
Exports - commodities reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit) -
Exports - partners Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
22%

services:
75% (1998 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 11 30 N, 43 00 E 54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia
Highways total:
2,890 km

paved:
364 km

unpaved:
2,526 km (1996)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) -
Imports - commodities foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products -
Imports - partners France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998) -
Independence 27 June 1977 (from France) -
Industrial production growth rate 3% (1996 est.) -
Industries limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling -
Infant mortality rate 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supreme -
Labor force 282,000 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.) -
Land boundaries total:
508 km

border countries:
Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
91% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2001)
Languages French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar -
Legal system based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.21 years

male:
49.37 years

female:
53.1 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.2%

male:
60.3%

female:
32.7% (1995 est.)		 -
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references Africa Antarctic Region
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY97) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4.5% (FY97) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Independence Day, 27 June (1977) -
Nationality noun:
Djiboutian(s)

adjective:
Djiboutian		 -
Natural hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources geothermal areas fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD -
Population 460,700 (July 2001 est.) no indigenous inhabitants


note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 2.6% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Djibouti Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) 0 (2003)
Radios 52,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
100 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003		 -
Religions Muslim 94%, Christian 6% -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.08 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult -
Telephone system general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country

domestic:
microwave radio relay network

international:
submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network		 general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use 8,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 203 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998) 0 (2003)
Terrain coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 50% (2000 est.) -
Waterways none -
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